17^th International Conference and Exhibition on Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology in Health Care Nov 23-24, 2017 Melbourne, Australia

Mrs. Sristy Shikha is pursuing her PhD under the guidance of Dr. Mani Shankar Bhattacharyya at Institute of Microbial technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh, India. After completing her M.Sc. in Marine Biotechnology from Annamalai University, She joined IMTECH for Ph.D. She qualified various prestigious national level fellowship exams such as JNU-DBT scholarship for M.Sc. (Rank 191), ICMR-JRF for Ph.D. (awarded only top 120 students) and CSIR-UGC-JRF (rank UGC-53). Her Ph.D. work is focused on synthesis of various types of nanoparticles, conjugation of drug/enzyme to enhanced activity as compared to their unconjugated counterpart and developing their applications. Part of her work has been published in Microbial Cell Factories and some are in communication. sristyshikha@imtech.res.in

Sophorolipids (SL), a glycolipid class of microbial biosurfactants have been used for greener and environment compatible synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in this study. Various parameters like concentration of SL, pH and temperature were optimised for synthesis of nanoparticles. Initially, SL was used as reducing and capping agent for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles from chloroauric acid under different conditions. Since the synthesis procedure required several hours and polydispersity of these nanoparticles was very high, therefore protocol was modified by adding sodium borohydride as reducing agent to address issues. Characterizations of sophorolipid mediated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs-SL) were performed using UV- visible spectroscopy, Dynamic light Scattering (DLS), FTIR and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Capping of SL onto the AuNPs was confirmed by FTIR and TEM micrograph. Further, AuNPs-SL was checked for antimicrobial activity against bacteria such as Gram negative Vibrio cholerae, Gram positive Staphylococcus aureus and fungi Candida albicans. The standard dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and viability was checked by XTT assay. AuNPs-SL was found to be effective against all these microbes as MICs. Earlier reports suggest that, SL either does not show activity or requires very high concentration against Gram negative bacteria. Contrary to this, we found AuNPs-SL was very potent in killing V. cholerae also. Thus, this study helps in greener ecofriendly synthesis of nanosized particles with potential antimicrobial properties for both Gram negative and Gram positive bacterium which are of great interest in the development of newer therapeutic drugs.

Martina Cebova has completed her PhD at the age of 24 from Commenius University in Slovakia and postdoctoral studies from Maine Medical Center Research Institute in USA. After, she has continued to work at the Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology of Slovak Academy of Sciences as a junior scientist and since 2016 she is a scientific secretary of the Institute.She has published in reputed journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of repute.

The renin-angiotensin-aldosteron system is a cascade that governs cardiovascular, renal, and adrenal functions. Aliskiren is a direct renin inhibitor. We determined whether aliskiren has an effect on hypertension, NOS activity and eNOS expression in the heart and aorta. 12-week-old male SHRs were assigned to untreated group, group treated with powdered aliskiren (25mg/kg/day), group treated with nanoparticle-loaded aliskiren (25mg/kg/day) and group treated with nanoparticles only for 3 weeks by gavage. Blood pressure (BP) was measured by the tail-cuff plethysmography. NOS activity was determined by conversion of 3[H]Arginine to 3[H] Citrulline. BP in powdered aliskiren group was lower (178.7±1.8 mmHg) than in controls (203.4±4.3mmHg). In addition, in nanoparticle-loaded aliskiren group BP was decreased to 153.8±3.9 mmHg - the level lower in comparison to both, controls and powder aliskiren group. Moreover, both aliskiren groups reduced myocardial hypertrophy in comparison to untreated SHR. Only nanoparticle-loaded aliskiren increased the activity of NOS in the heart, despite decrease of eNOS in comparison to untreated SHR. On the other hand, nanoparticles only decrease both activity and eNOS expression in investigated tissues. In conclusion, despite the diminished effect of nanoparticles on the tissues, aliskiren realized gradually was able to increase NOS activity in the heart which could contribute to BP and hypertrophy decrease. Aliskiren may represent an effective, novel approach to the treatment of hypertension and related disorders. The encapsulation may protect drugs against degradation and thus increase their bioavailability in organs. However, more suitable and biocompatible polymeric nanoparticles are needed. Supported by VEGA 2/0170/17, 2/0195/15, APVV-14-0932.

An important compete in bone tissue engineering is the development of constructs serving as scaffoldsto fill bone defects, and promote bone regeneration. In this study, highlyporous almost (75%) nanostructured Hardystonite/biphasic calcium phosphate scaffolds (BCPS) with interconnectedporosity was developed using various hardystonite (HT) contents via space holder technique. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM),Xray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniqueswasemployed to evaluate different samples. In addition to, the agents of scaffold composition on mechanicalbehavior , bioactivity and biodegradability was studied. Also, the resultsshowed that the produced scaffolds had an average pore size and density between 250-350 µm and 2.2 ± 0.4 - 1.7 ± 0.2 gr/cm3, respectively, depending on the Hardystonite (HT) with different contents. Furthermore, increasing the hardystonitecontent of scaffolds from 0 (control) to 30 wt. % enhanced the bioactivity test, biodegradability, and compressivestrength from 1.1 ± 0.1 to 3.1 ± 0.2MPa, respectively. Besides, MTT assay also confirmed that theBCPS30 (containing 30wt. %of hardystonite) significantly promoted cell viability and cell adhesioncompared to BCPS 0. Totally, our project suggests that nanostructured hardystonite/BCPS withimproved biological and mechanical behavior (properties) could potentially be used for biomedical engineering such as bone tissue engineering application.

NICHOLAS AGYEPONG is a Ghanaian Doctoral candidate (Pharmaceutics) in University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa. He research on Molecular Profile of ESKAPE Gram-negative Pathogens from Komfo Teaching Hospital in Ghana, under the supervision of Prof. Sabiha Y. Essacks (Director of Antimicrobial Resistance Unit). He holds MSc Medical Biotechnology and MPhil Pharmaceutical Microbiology, both from Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) in Ghana. He was Research Assistant in the Parasitology Unit (Noguchi Memorial Institute of Medical Research) and later became Assistant lecturer in the Department of Pharmaceutics, KNUST. He is lecturer and became Head of Pharmacy Technology in Sunyani Technical University until he went on study leave.

Infections caused by antibiotic resistant Gram-negative bacteria has become a major challenges to healthcare delivery in Ghana. Production of beta-lactamase mediated-hydrolytic enzymes such as extended spectrum beta lactamases (ESBLs) or combination with other mechanisms confer resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics (penicillins, cephalosporins carbapenems) as well as non-beta-lactams in Gram-negative bacteria. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of antibiotic resistance among Gram-negative bacteria in the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in the Ashanti region of Ghana. Bbacterial cultures were collected and identified using standard microbiological techniques and Vitek‑2 automated systems. Of 200 isolates collected, 192 (96%) showed resistant to multiple antibiotics classes tested. The isolates (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter spp, E. coli, Citrobacter koseri, Pantoea spp, Serratia marcescen, Providencia rettgeri and phingomonas paucimobilis) showed high resistance to Ampicillin (95%), Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole (84%), Cefuroxime/Axetil (82%), Cefuroxime (81%), Cefotaxime (73.5%), Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (52.50), Ciprofloxacin (41.0%) and Piperacillin- tazobactam (13.00%), but highly sensitive to Ertapenem (98.48%), Meropenem (96.98%), Imipenem (96.5%), Amikacin (87%) and collistin (81.9%). The high resistance to beta-lactam/beta-lactamases inhibitor combination antibiotic therapy and aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones, poses serious the healthcare threat in Ghana, due to their usage as empirical antibiotic of choice for treatment of common infections. This study revealed high prevalence of multidrug resistant pathogens in Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, is rife and wakeup call for constant review of antibiotic guideline protocol for treatment is recommended. Finally the outcome of the study provide a baseline for further and extensive research into the underlying molecular factors of the evolving resistance in Ghana.

Ali Sheikh Bostanabad has completed his PhD at the age of 33 years from Peoples Friendship University of Russia and postdoctoral studies from Peoples Friendship University of Russia and. He is Research Fellow in Auckland University. He has published more than 15 papers in reputed journals.

The phenomenon of bioactivity is associated with the formation of acrystallized hydroxyl carbonated apatite (HCA) layer on the bioglass surface, when soaked in a simulated physiological fluid. This layer is similar to the mineral phase of Bone. Synthesized bioglasses have been obtained using organic modifiers instead of mineral modifiers, which are the usual precursors for sol–gel synthesis. Hyperthermia treatment is a method of the cancer therapy using the high temperature up to 43 oC which healthy cells survive but tumor cells can’t resist. The materials used to raise the temperature are called as “thermoseed” and they are ferrimagnetic, ferromagnetic and superparamagnetic particles potentially.

Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sumatera Utara. Since 1986 she has been working as academic staff of Faculty Pharmacy, University of Sumatera Utara. She finished her doctoral course on 2015 from Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sumatera Utara. Her research interest is about the application of alginate and chitosan in pharmaceutical preparation such as gastroretentive drug delivery system; sustained release, transdermal, and cosmetic preparations. She has published about 15 papers in reputed journals.

Extra Virgin olive oil contains many antioxidants and vitamin E. Therefore, it is thought to have anti-aging effects. The purpose of this study was formulate and evaluate the physical properties and the antiaging effects of extra virgin olive oil nanoemulsion. Nanoemulsion was prepared by using 5% extra virgin olive oil and various concentrations of Tween 80 (24, 25, 26%) as surfactant and sorbitol (36, 35, and 34%) as cosurfactant. Extra virgin oil nanoemulsion was prepared by spontaneous emulsification technique by the addition dropwise of oil phase to water phase with stirring at 4000 rpm and the result was continued stirring for 6 hours and sonification for 30 minutes to obtaine nanoemulsion. Extra virgin olive oil nanoemulsion was evaluated for particle size, thermodynamic stability, transmision electron microscopy, surface tension, viscosity, and antiaging effect in six volunteers. The results of this study showed that the average particle size of extra virgin oil nanoemulsion using the combination of 25% Tween 80 and 35% sorbitol was 189.82 nm with the range particle size was 67.63–338.93 nm, pH was 6.2, viscosity was 113 cp, surface tension was 46.67 dyne/cm, and no creaming after centrifugation at 3750 rpm for 5 hours. The application of extra virgin olive oil nanoemulsion two times a day on the cheek region of volunteers caused no irritation and increase of skin hydration, the smaller of skin pores, decrease of spots and wrinkles. It is concluded that extra virgin olive oil can be formulated as nanoemulsion dosage form and potentially used as anti-aging.

Mahfoozur Rahman, Assistant Professor & Researcher at Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shalom Institute of Health and Allied sciences (SIHAS), Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences (SHUATS), Allahabad, India

Resveratrol and naringin are naturally occurring flavonoids; they gain increasing research interest widely as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-carcinogenic effects, etc. However the in vivo biological effect of both the drug appears strongly limited by its poor oral bioavailability, due to limited solubility and higher metabolization, which restricts their clinical application. In addition to the individual therapeutic effect, may enhance the therapeutic effect upon by combination delivery of said drugs. In this context, an attempt was made to encapsulate the drugs within the core and lipid layers of nano-liposphere to improve its skin delivery, photostability, biocompatibility and pharmacodynamic efficacy. The developed system was characterized and evaluated for Micromeritics, surface charge, spreadability, rheology, morphology, skin transport characteristics, skin compatibility anti-inflammatory effect, and further cellular uptake and cell cytotoxic studies also were considered. The results revealed an improved performance vis-à-vis the conventional Diclofenac cream. Thus, the developed lipid-based vesicular system of resveratrol and naringin is unique for topical delivery.

Neetika Taneja has completed her masters in pharmacy from Narsemoonji Institute of Management and Studies, Mumbai at the age of 24 years. She is currently senior research fellow at C.U. Shah College of Pharmacy, SNDT Women’s University, Mumbai. She has 6 publications and 1 patent in her credit.

Human serum albumin(HSA) is considered to be an ideal carrier for the delivery of various drugs due to its biodegradable, non-immunogenic and non toxic nature. Irinotecan(Iro) is the antineoplastic agent used in the treatment of various cancers and exhibit anticancer activity by inhibiting topoisomerase 1 responsible for DNA replication. The present research work endevours towards the preparation and optimization of irinotecan loaded HSA NPs (Iro-HSA-NPs) with maximum entrapmment and drug loading. NPs were prepared by desolvation technique with some modifications. Various parameters affecting the quality of product were identified using ishikawa diagram and were optimized. Critical quality parameters were further optimized by 32 factorial design. Iro-HSA-NPs were lyophilized and optimized for the use cryoprotectan during the process in order to inhibit the growth of particles. NPs were characterized for particle size, polydispersity index(PDI), entrapment efficiency, drug loading, differential scanning calorimetry(DSC), Fluorescent spectroscopy, Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy( FTIR) and in-vitro drug release. NPs exhibited average particle size of 79nm , PDI of 0.290, zeta potential of -23.5mV and entrament efficiency of 79%. Trehalose at 4%w/v concentration was found to be the suitable cryoprotectant to inhibit the particle growth during lyophilization. The results from DSC confirmed the entrapment of Iro in NPs. Fluorescence spectroscopy and FTIR results suggested the conformation changes in the structure of HSA in NPs due to adsorbation and entrapment of the drug. The in-vitro drug release showed an intial burst release followed by sustained release up to 24 h. The n=0.425 from korsmeyer-peppas plot indicated fickian diffusion of drug from NPs.